Currently Published Papers in Herbal Chemistry

Study of the efficacy of oil extracted from the soursop "Annona muricata" on adults of the "Bactrocera dorsalis" fruit fly

Ndeye Bineta CAMARA, El Hadji Gorgui DIOUF, Malick MBENGUE, Mamadou Kébé, Mamadou Latyr Ndour, Adama Faye, Codou Guèye MAR DIOP,DOI: 10.24214/IJGHC/HC/13/2/14761

The soursop is an oleaginous plant whose seeds are much feared for their toxicity. [1,2]. Its oil is extracted from the kernels using a soxhlet device using cyclohexane. The oil is then separated from the cyclohexane by rotavapor distillation at 45°C and dried in a desiccator. Its physical-chemical analysis showed a predominance of unsaturated fatty acids with a high sterol content (over 80% in β-Sitosterol and stigmasterol) determined by Gas Chromatography (GC). This oil has been tested on adults of the main mango pest, Bactrocera dorsalis, to assess its insecticidal activity. The tests were carried out by spraying the oil at three concentration levels: 0.6%, 1% and 1.5%. During the tests, the impact of sugar on the toxicity of the oil was studied by feeding our flies two honeydews made up of brewer's yeast, peptone and sugar in proportions of 1:1:5 and 1:1:0.5 respectively.

The data were analyzed using the "General Linear Model" procedure using Minitab 19.1.1 software. The factors studied were: time, number of dead insects, sex, feeding and their interactions. The results of the statistical analysis show that the spray tests give a better mortality rate when the flies' diet is 10 times less sweet.

Reversion of bacterial resistance of Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiaceae) on bacterial strains isolated from chronic wounds diagnosed in the district of Ouinhi in Benin

Hervé Kouessivi Janvier BOKOSSA, Armelle Sabine Yélignan HOUNKPATIN, Parfait DJOSSOU, Rafiatou BA, Dagbédji Damien TOFFA, Carine ZINSOU, Wilfrid Hinnoutondji KPETEHOTO, Zinsou Franck Maurille MIGNANWANDE, Flora HOUNDJREBO, Roch Christian JOHNSON,DOI: 10.24214/IJGHC/HC/13/2/13146.

Ocimum gratissimum, a species with antibacterial properties, is widely used empirically to treat bacterial infections by local populations in Benin. In modern medicine, antibiotics inhibit or destroy bacteria. Their excessive use has led to the emergence of resistant strains. The aim of the present study is to assess the reversion of bacterial resistance of Ocimum gratissimum in combination with conventional antibiotics on strains isolated from chronic wounds diagnosed in the Ouinhi populations. The susceptibility of these bacterial strains to conventional antibiotics was tested by solid-state antibiotic susceptibility testing. The diameters of inhibition observed with the antibiotic discs were assessed according to the reading scale of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CASFM). This made it possible to identify some ineffective antibiotics on these bacterial strains. The next step was to evaluate the combined effect of an aqueous mixture of Ocimum gratissimum and the usual antibiotics on multi-resistant bacterial strains at concentrations below MIC values, using the microdillution method. The test was carried out in two stages: determination of the MICs of four standard antibiotics, and evaluation of the synergistic action of antibiotics and the aqueous mixture of Ocimum gratissimum. The modulation factor is based on the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) defined by the ratio MIC (extract + ATB)/MIC(ATB).At the end of this study, it was found that in contact with the Mixture-Antibiotic solution, the MIC values of this combination recorded ranged from 78.10-4 mg.ml-1  ≤ MIC(Mixture-ATB) ≤ 1 mg.ml-1 in comparison to the singular action of the aqueous mixture of Ocimum gratissimum whose observed values ranged from 78.10-2 mg.ml-1  ≤ MIC(Mixture) ≤ 25mg.ml-1 or those of the four conventional antibiotics (Amoxicillin / AMC; Ciprofloxacin / CIP; Cotrimoxazole SXT; Erythromycin / ERI) which oscillate around 78.10-4 mg.ml-1  ≤ MIC(Conventional ATB) ≤ 1mg.ml-1 . What's more, the combined Extract-ATB effect on all germs tested is synergistic (CFI ˂ 0.5). The possible production of Improved Traditional Medicines (ITM) from this combination of the aqueous mixture Ocimum gratissimum and conventional antibiotics can be recommended.

A Critical Review of Jeevaniya Gana and its Therapeutic uses Mentioned in Bruhatrayee

Dr.Priya Chandrakumari and Dr.Amirthesh.K;DOI: 10.24214/IJGHC/HC/13/2/10830.

Jeevaniya Gana means medicines that are good for our health. Acharya Charaka said that Jeevaniya gana is the most important group of ten herbs because it helps to keep people healthy and treat different diseases. Acharya Charaka and Vagbhatta made a list of ten medicines that can be used to improve health and nourish the body. These herbs mostly grow in the Himalayas, so you can only find them in a few places. Jeevaniya Gana is very important for the body because it gives us energy, helps us stay alive, and helps our body heal. It's like nutrients and boosts our immunity. Some research has been done to find medicinal plants in the Jeevaniya Gana group, but more work is needed to find the exact plants in this group. This article is about the classification and health benefits of these Jeevaniya Gana plants. 

Cancer treatment through Ayurveda: what should be the research protocol and research model

Dr. Rajeev Kumar , Prof. (Dr) Sunil Kumar Joshi , Dr Udai Narain Pandey, Dr Prabhat Kumar Verma,DOI: 10.24214/IJGHC/HC/13/2/10107.

Tumour is abnormal mass of tissue having a pathological disorder of cell growth. Its Characteristics are disproportionate and atypical proliferation of cells.  There are two types of tumours, first benign and another malignant. In second type cells are anomalous and can grow without any control. This second type is known as cancerous cells or malignant tumour. Treating this cancer are still is not possible in modern era. Multimodule therapy has been used in cancer treatment. Ayurveda, the ancient medical system has described incurable form of arbuda, that is malignant lesion. In ancient texts multiple treatments, guidelines, and therapy has been described for this. But it is very difficult to categorise the cancer patients for ayurvedic protocol. It needs a research protocol as well as proper research proforma and newer guidelines.  Here an attempt has been done to establish research protocol for cancer treatment in ayurveda